Gustavo Carlo
Professor, School of Education, University of California, Irvine
Director and Founder, Cultural Resiliency and Learning Center (CRLC), University of California, Irvine
Biography
Gustavo Carlo, Ph.D., is Professor in the School of Education at the University of California, Irvine, where he also serves as Director and Founder of the Cultural Resiliency and Learning Center and Equity Advisor. Carlo received his Ph.D. in Developmental Psychology from Arizona State University in 1994. His research examines prosocial and moral development in culturally diverse youth, with particular focus on U.S. Latino/a populations, exploring how parenting practices, cultural values, and sociocognitive mechanisms shape positive social behaviors across development.
Carlo has published over 300 peer-reviewed articles and book chapters, and has edited several influential volumes including The Oxford Handbook of Parenting and Moral Development and Prosocial Development: A Multidimensional Approach. His work has been funded by the National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health, and other federal agencies. Carlo developed widely-used measures of prosocial tendencies and prosocial moral reasoning that have been translated into numerous languages and adopted internationally. His scholarship has appeared in journals such as Child Development, Developmental Psychology, and Journal of Research on Adolescence.
Carlo is an elected member of the Society for Research in Child Development Governing Council and a Fellow of the American Psychological Association and American Psychological Society. He has served as Associate Editor for Developmental Psychology, Child Development, and Journal of Research on Adolescence. Carlo has mentored over 40 doctoral students and postdoctoral fellows who now hold faculty and research positions at universities across the United States and internationally. He was recognized as a Fulbright Specialist and ranked among the world's top 2% of scientists in developmental and child psychology by Stanford University and Elsevier Publishing.
Return to topEducation
- Ph.D. in Developmental Psychology, Arizona State University, 1994
- M.A. in Developmental Psychology, Arizona State University, 1991
- B.A. in Psychology, Florida International University, 1986
- A.A. in Chemistry, Miami-Dade Community College, 1982
Distinctions
- Lifetime Highly Ranked Scholar in Prosocial Behavior (#2), Adolescence (#59), Five-Year Highly Ranked Scholar in Latino/a Research (#2). ScholarGPS, 2025
- Fulbright Specialist, U.S. Department of State, 2024-2027
- World's Top 2% Scientists in Psychology. Ranked #144 in Developmental and Child Psychology in 2024, Stanford University/Elsevier Publishing, 2024
- Fellow, Association of State Provincial Psychology Boards Examination Committee, American Psychological Association, 2016-2020
- Fellow, American Psychological Society, 2014
- Fellow, Division 7, American Psychological Association, 2014
- Outstanding Senior Mentor, Society for Research on Adolescence, 2018
- Most Prolific Scholar in Prosocial Behavior, Journal of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development, 2022
- Chancellor's Inclusive Excellence Award, University of California, Irvine, 2020-2022
Areas of Expertise
- Developmental Psychology
- Prosocial Moral Reasoning
- Cultural Socialization Practices
- Empathy-Related Responding
- Ethnic Identity Development
- Discrimination and Mental Health
- Parenting Styles and Practices
Recent Publications
- Marin-Morales, A., Amaoui, S., Fernandez-Fillol, C., Carlo, G., Rivas-Garcia, S., “What factors predict prosocial behaviors during social crisis? A cross-sectional study during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain” (opens in new tab), International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, vol. 27, pp. 561-576, 2025.
- Carlo, G., Davis, A. N., Torres, M., Sanders, H., Cruz, L. J., “Economic stress indirectly predicts out-group prosocial behaviors during the Covid-19 pandemic differentially for young adults depending upon ethnic group membership” (opens in new tab), Discover Psychology, vol. 5, pp. 1-11, 2025.
- Torres, M., Carlo, G., Davis, A. N., “The associations between culture-related stressors and prosocial behaviors in U.S. Latino/a college students: The mediating role of cultural identity” (opens in new tab), Adolescents, vol. 5, pp. 4, 2025.
- González-Hernández, J, Gomez-Lopez, M., Carlo, G., Manzano-Sanchez, D., “Is it possible to talk about violence climate in grassroots sport? A study on the psychosocial adaptations of young athletes” (opens in new tab), Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 15, 2025.
- Carlo, G., Partovi, R., “Varieties of altruistic actions across development and culture / Variedades de acciones altruistas a lo largo del desarrollo y entre culturas” (opens in new tab), Journal for the Study of Education and Development, vol. 48, pp. 3-35, 2025.
- Lapsley, D., Carlo, G., Davis, A., Fabes, R., Laible, D. J., “Promoting a kinder and more just world: The development of prosocial, moral, and social justice in adolescence” (opens in new tab), Frontiers in Developmental Psychology, vol. 2, pp. e1536381, 2025.
- Jiang, X., Taylor, Z. E., Carlo, G., Suitor, J. J., Ruiz, Y., “How Latine youth's positive development unfold through farmwork in rural migrant farmworker families in the U.S. Midwest” (opens in new tab), Journal of Research on Adolescence, vol. 35, pp. e13053, 2025.
- Carlo G., Carrizales A., Torres M., Taylor Z.E., Ruiz Y., “Family ethnic socialization practices longitudinally associated with cultural assets, civic responsibility, and prosocial behaviors in rural U.S. Latino/a youth” (opens in new tab), Journal of Research on Adolescence, vol. 35, 2025.
- Carrizales A., Carlo G., Lannegrand L., “A parallel-process analysis of the longitudinal associations between adolescents’ empathy and prosocial behaviors.” (opens in new tab), Developmental Psychology, vol. 61, pp. 1669-1683, 2025.
- Agalar, A., Laible, D., Carlo, G., Liew, J., “Parents' color-conscious racial socialization and adolescents' racial attitudes: The moderating role of parental psychological control” (opens in new tab), Frontiers in Developmental Psychology, vol. 2, 2024.
- Agalar, A., Laible, D., Carlo, G., Liew, J., “Longitudinal associations between parental psychological control and adolescents' intergroup attitudes to prosocial behaviors towards ethnic/racial outgroups” (opens in new tab), Journal of Adolescence, vol. 97, pp. 209-218, 2024.
- Maiya, S., Carlo, G., Davis, A., Schwartz, S., Unger, J., Zamboanga, B., Baezconde-Garbanati, L., Soto, D., Lorenzo-Blanco, E., “Longitudinal relations between parenting practices and prosocial behaviors in recent immigrant Latino/a adolescents: Familism values and ethnic identity as mediators” (opens in new tab), Frontiers in Developmental Psychology, vol. 2, 2024.
- Cruz, A. M., Carlo, G., Gulseven, Z., Vandell, D. L., “A longitudinal study of prosocial behaviors predicting later academic educational performance outcomes in U.S. Latine early adolescents” (opens in new tab), Journal of Adolescence, vol. 97, pp. 113-123, 2024.
- Janssen, J. J., Spinrad, T. L., Gaias, L., Gal-Szabo, D. E., Eisenberg, N., Laible, D., Carlo, G., “Racial and gender education in the early school years: An examination of teachers' reactions to discrimination” (opens in new tab), Teaching and Teacher Education, vol. 151, 2024.
- López-Mora, C., Carlo, G., Lopez, I. H., Gonzalez-Blazquez, F. J., Gasch, E. O., “Relationships between experiences of humiliation on social networks, problematic phone use, and aggressive and altruistic behaviors in young adults” (opens in new tab), Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 15, pp. 1368336, 2024.
- Carlo, G., White, R. M. B., Curlee, A., Tein, J-Y., Partovi, R., Knight, G. P., Gonzalez, N. A., “Change in prosocial development following adversity exposure among U.S. Mexican youth” (opens in new tab), Frontiers in Developmental Psychology, vol. 2, 2024.
- Carlos Chavez, F. L., Bariani, A., Carlo, G., Shoemaker, S. Z., “Lessons from the field: Seeking support and sharing wisdom among unaccompanied Guatemalan migrant youth in U.S. agriculture” (opens in new tab), Child and Youth Care Forum, vol. 53, pp. 1399-1428, 2024.
- Partovi, R., Carlo, G., Torres, M., Cruz, A. M., “Typologies of cultural stressors and assets: Exploring differential associations with prosocial behaviors and depressive symptoms among Latino/a young adults” (opens in new tab), Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, vol. 30, pp. 763-773, 2024.
- Cruz, A. M., Laible, D., Carlo, G., “The moderating role of gender and acculturative status in the socialization of cultural values in U.S. Mexican families” (opens in new tab), Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, vol. 31, pp. 509-518, 2024.
- Davis, A. N., Carlo, G., Maiya, S., Streit, C., Roos, J., “Understanding the links between pandemic-related racial attitudes and out-group prosocial behaviors” (opens in new tab), Journal of Genetic Psychology, vol. 185, pp. 272-281, 2024.
Most Cited Publications
- Carlo, G., Randall, B. A., “The development of a measure of prosocial behaviors for late adolescents” (opens in new tab), Journal of Youth and Adolescence, vol. 31, pp. 31-44, 2002.
- Crockett L.J., Iturbide M.I., Torres Stone R.A., McGinley M., Raffaelli M., Carlo G., “Acculturative Stress, Social Support, and Coping: Relations to Psychological Adjustment Among Mexican American College Students” (opens in new tab), Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, vol. 13, pp. 347-355, 2007.
- Laible, D. J., Carlo, G., Raffaelli, M., “The differential relations of parent and peer support on adolescent adjustment” (opens in new tab), Journal of Youth and Adolescence, vol. 29, pp. 45-59, 2000.
- Van der Graaff, J., Carlo, G., Crocetti, E., Koot, H., Branje, S., “Prosocial behavior in adolescence: Gender differences in development and links with empathy” (opens in new tab), Journal of Youth and Adolescence, vol. 47, pp. 1086-1099, 2018.
- Laible, D. J., Carlo, G., Roesch, S. C., “Pathways to self-esteem: The role of parent and peer attachment, empathy, and social behaviors” (opens in new tab), Journal of Adolescence, vol. 27, pp. 703-716, 2004.
- Carlo, G., Hausmann, A., Christiansen, S., Randall, B. A., “Sociocognitive and behavioral correlates of a measure of prosocial tendencies for adolescents” (opens in new tab), Journal of Early Adolescence, vol. 23, pp. 107-134, 2003.
- Hardy S.A., Carlo G., “Moral identity: What is it, how does it develop, and is it linked to moral action?” (opens in new tab), Child Development Perspectives, vol. 5, pp. 212-218, 2011.
- Carlo G., Okun M.A., Knight G.P., de Guzman M.R.T., “The interplay of traits and motives on volunteering: Agreeableness, extraversion and prosocial value motivation” (opens in new tab), Personality and Individual Differences, vol. 38, pp. 1293-1305, 2005.
- Hardy, S., Carlo, G., “Identity as a source of moral motivation” (opens in new tab), Human Development, vol. 48, pp. 232-256, 2005.
- Eisenberg, N., Guthrie, I. K., Murphy, B. C., Shepard, S. A., Cumberland, A., Carlo, G., “Consistency and development of prosocial dispositions: A longitudinal study” (opens in new tab), Child Development, vol. 70, pp. 1360-1372, 1999.
This profile was created with the help of AI.
Last updated on 4/28/2026.