Mihaela Balu
Biography
Mihaela Balu, Ph.D., is Associate Professor in the Departments of Dermatology and Biomedical Engineering at the University of California, Irvine. She leads the Nonlinear Optical Microscopy Lab at the Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic and directs the BLI Microscopy Shared Resource for the P30 Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center (NCI) and the Skin Biology Research Center (NIAMS) at UCI. Balu's research focuses on developing and applying nonlinear optical microscopy technologies for non-invasive, label-free imaging of human skin in clinical research and practice. She received a Ph.D. in Optics from the College of Optics & Photonics: CREOL at the University of Central Florida.
Balu has led multidisciplinary collaborations that have advanced the clinical translation of multiphoton microscopy for dermatological applications. Her work has established methods for non-invasive diagnosis of melanoma and basal cell carcinoma, monitoring of vitiligo therapies, and assessment of pigmentary disorders in human skin. She co-founded Infraderm, LLC in 2017 and holds multiple patents, including technologies for rapid scanning of large tissue areas and fiber-based coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering imaging. Her technical innovations include the development of the Fast Large Area Multiphoton Exoscope (FLAME) platform for macroscopic imaging with microscopic resolution.
Balu serves as a reviewer for NIH study sections including Clinical Translational Imaging Science and Small Business: Medical Imaging, and is an editorial board member for Scientific Reports and Biophotonics Discovery. She has received the School of Medicine Annual Outstanding Mid-Career Faculty Research Award for Clinical Research (2024). Her research is supported by multiple NIH grants as principal investigator, including projects funded by NCI, NIBIB, and NIAMS focused on improving early detection of melanoma and developing advanced multiphoton microscopy platforms for clinical skin imaging.
Return to topEducation
- Ph.D. in Optics, College of Optics & Photonics: CREOL, University of Central Florida, 2006
- M.S. in Physics, University of Bucharest, 1999
- B.S. in Physics, University of Bucharest, 1998
Distinctions
- School of Medicine Annual Outstanding Mid-Career Faculty Research Award (Clinical Research), 2024
- CREOL Fellowship, University of Central Florida, 2000-2005
- UCF Graduate Studies Fellowship, 2006
- Certificate of Appreciation, College of Optics & Photonics: CREOL&FPCE, 2006
Areas of Expertise
- Nonlinear Optical Microscopy
- Multiphoton Tomography Techniques
- Melanoma Diagnostic Biomarkers
- Nonlinear Material Characterization
- Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging
- Immune Cell Tracking
- Vitiligo Therapeutic Response
Recent Publications
- Ranjit S., Torrado B., Vallmitjana A., Durkin A.F., Dvornikov A., Ganesan A., Kelly K.M., Balu M., “Label-free human skin imaging with enhanced molecular contrast via time-resolved fluorescence and advanced phasor analysis” (opens in new tab), Communications Biology, vol. 9, 2026.
- Torrado B., Vallmitjana A., Ranjit S., Far-Hadian M., Durkin A.F., Dvornikov A., Ganesan A.K., Kelly K.M., Chang P., Balu M., “In vivo human skin imaging: Distinguishing cellular and fibrillar components with fluorescence lifetime microscopy” (opens in new tab), Journal of Investigative Dermatology, vol. 146, pp. 1434-1438.e2, 2026.
- Vallmitjana A, Torrado B, Durkin AF, Dvornikov A, Rajil N, Ranjit S, Balu M, “GSLab: Open-Source Platform for Advanced Phasor Analysis in Fluorescence Microscopy” (opens in new tab), Bioinformatics, vol. 41, no. 4, 2025.
- Vallmitjana A., Durkin A., Dvornikov A., Torrado B., Kelly K.M., Shiu J., Ganesan A.K., Balu M., “Label-free multiphoton microscopy of human skin: longitudinal studies capturing cell dynamics” (opens in new tab), Biomedical Optics Express, vol. 16, pp. 3912-3922, 2025.
- Shiu J, Lentsch G, Polleys CM, Mobasher P, Ericson M, Georgakoudi I, Ganesan AK, Balu M, “Non-invasive Imaging Techniques for Monitoring Cellular Response to Treatment in Stable Vitiligo” (opens in new tab), Journal of Investigative Dermatology, vol. 144, no. 4, pp. 912-915.e2, 2024.
- Balu M, “Collagen remodeling in murine melanoma therapy response through second-harmonic generation imaging” (opens in new tab), Biophotonics Discovery, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 030501, 2024.
- Lentsch G, Baugh EG, Lee B, Aszterbaum M, Zachary CB, Kelly KM, Balu M, “Research Techniques Made Simple: Emerging Imaging Technologies for Noninvasive Optical Biopsy of Human Skin” (opens in new tab), Journal of Investigative Dermatology, vol. 142, no. 5, pp. 1243-52, 2022.
- Vicente JR, Durkin A, Shrestha K, Balu M, “In vivo imaging with a fast large-area multiphoton exoscope (FLAME) captures the melanin distribution heterogeneity in human skin” (opens in new tab), Scientific Reports, vol. 12, pp. 8106, 2022.
- Mehrabi JN, Fast A, Lentsch G, Balu M, Kelly KM, “A clinical perspective on the automated analysis of reflectance confocal microscopy in dermatology” (opens in new tab), Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, vol. 53, no. 8, pp. 1011-1019, 2021.
Most Cited Publications
- Balu M, Liu GJ, Chen ZP, Tromberg BJ, Potma EO, “Fiber delivered probe for efficient CARS imaging of tissues” (opens in new tab), Optics Express, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 2380-8, 2010.
- Balu M, Mazhar A, Hayakawa C, Mittal R, Krasieva TB, Koenig K, Venugopalan V, Tromberg BJ, “In vivo multiphoton NADH fluorescence reveals depth-dependent keratinocyte metabolism in human skin” (opens in new tab), Biophysical Journal, vol. 104, no. 1, pp. 258-67, 2012.
- Balu M, Zachary CB, Harris RM, Krasieva TB, Koenig K, Tromberg BJ, Kelly MK, “In Vivo Multiphoton Microscopy of Basal Cell Carcinoma” (opens in new tab), JAMA Dermatology, vol. 151, no. 10, pp. 1068-74, 2015.
- Balu M, Kelly MK, Zachary CB, Harris RM, Krasieva TB, Koenig K, Durkin AJ, Tromberg BJ, “Distinguishing between benign and malignant melanocytic nevi by in vivo multiphoton microscopy” (opens in new tab), Cancer Research, vol. 74, no. 10, pp. 2688-97, 2014.
- Pouli D, Balu M, Alonzo CA, Liu Z, Quinn KP, Rius-Diaz F, Harris RM, Kelly KM, Tromberg BJ, Georgakoudi I, “Imaging mitochondrial dynamics in human skin reveals depth-dependent hypoxia and malignant potential for diagnosis” (opens in new tab), Science Translational Medicine, vol. 8, pp. 367ra169, 2016.
- Balu M, Baldacchini T, Carter J, Krasieva TB, Zadoyan R, Tromberg BJ, “Effect of excitation wavelength on penetration depth in nonlinear optical microscopy of turbid media” (opens in new tab), Journal of Biomedical Optics, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 010508, 2009.
- Balu M, Hales J, Hagan DJ, Van Stryland EW, “White-light continuum Z-scan technique for nonlinear materials characterization” (opens in new tab), Optics Express, vol. 12, no. 16, pp. 3820-6, 2004.
- Saager RB, Balu M, Crosignani V, Sharif A, Durkin AJ, Kelly KM, Tromberg BJ, “In vivo measurements of cutaneous melanin across spatial scales: using multiphoton microscopy and spatial frequency domain spectroscopy” (opens in new tab), Journal of Biomedical Optics, vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 066005, 2015.
- Balu M, Hales J, Hagan DJ, Van Stryland EW, “Dispersion of nonlinear refraction and two-photon absorption using a white-light continuum Z-scan” (opens in new tab), Optics Express, vol. 13, no. 10, pp. 3594-9, 2005.
- Balu M, Lentsch G, Korta D, Koenig K, Kelly KM, Tromberg BJ, Zachary CB, “In vivo multiphoton-microscopy of picosecond-laser-induced optical breakdown in human skin” (opens in new tab), Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, vol. 49, pp. 555-62, 2017.
Contact Information
Email: mihaela.b@uci.edu
Phone: (949) 824-4713
Address: 1002 Health Sciences Road E
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Last updated on 8/16/2026.